Abstract
Climate has a direct influence on crop development and final yield. The consequences of global climate change have appeared during the last decades, with increasing weather variability in many world regions. One of the derived problems is the maintenance of food supply in this unstable context and the needed changes in agricultural systems, looking for sustainable and adaptation strategies. The study was carried out from 2008 to 2017. Aerobiological data were obtained with a Lanzoni VPPS-2000 volumetric sampler, following the Spanish Aerobiological Network protocol. The pollen and flower production was studied on ten vines of the Godello grapevine cultivar. A HOBO Micro Station and a MeteoGalicia station were used to obtain meteorological information. We observed the detrimental effect of rain on airborne pollen presence, and we statistically corroborated the negative effect of high temperatures on fruit set and ripening. We developed an accurate multiple regression model to forecast the grape yield, applying a Spearman’s correlation test to identify the most influential variables. The use of aerobiological and meteorological studies for crop yield prediction has been widely used in different crops that suppose important engines for economy development. This enables growers to adapt their crop management and adjust the spent resources.
Highlights
Aerobiological studies applied on crop yield prediction are becoming a valuable tool for agricultural practices in many crops
The prediction of crop yield from the Aerobiology point of view is a powerful tool for yield management that has been widely used in the last decades [35,36,37]
Pollen release and dispersal are key factors acting in the pollination process, which determines the final crop production
Summary
Aerobiological studies applied on crop yield prediction are becoming a valuable tool for agricultural practices in many crops. The use of pollen information with a forecast purpose has been widely explored for olive crops in the Mediterranean region [1,2,3], as well as for other important crops in this bioclimatic region, such as almond and grapevine [4,5]. Climatological information is considered for aerobiological analyses because of their influence on aerobiological processes, such as pollen release or dispersion, and crop development. Climatic conditions have a marked influence on grape and wine production, as factors such as temperature, light and humidity affect vegetal growth and development [7,8]. Combined with the edaphic elements (as soil water reserve or effective soil depth), these environmental components are considered the most important factors to define the winegrowing and production suitability of a region [9]. Adverse weather conditions such as hailstorms may reduce grape yield by damaging flowers and fruits, affecting the total leaf area and the phenolic profile of berries at Agronomy 2020, 10, 714; doi:10.3390/agronomy10050714 www.mdpi.com/journal/agronomy
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