Abstract
Gas chromatographic retention indices ( I) for a large number of C 5-C 10 alkenes on different stationary phases at various temperatures were correlated with total solubility parameters (δ T), molar volumes ( V) and the number ( N) of carbon atoms in the solute molecules. The correlation is a new three-parameter equation I = aN + bΔ( Vδ T) + cΔ V + d, which is based on the expanded solubility parameter model. Two new parameters, Δ( Vδ T) and Δ V, are introduced, accounting for the deviations of the Vδ T and the V values of the solutes from those of n-alkanes which have the same carbon number as the solutes. The empirically introduced constants a, b, c and d depend on the phase characteristics and column temperature. High correlation coefficients and low standard deviations were found in all instances. Especially for isomeric alkenes, the correlation between the I and δ T, and V values of the solutes, which is I = bVδ T + cV + e, is excellent. The above two equations could be used to predict retention indices of alkenes successfully.
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