Abstract
Brain-wide activities revealed by neuroimaging and recording techniques have been used to predict motor and cognitive functions in both human and animal models. However, although studies have shown the existence of micrometer-scale spatial organization of neurons in the motor cortex relevant to motor control, two-photon microscopy (TPM) calcium imaging at cellular resolution has not been fully exploited for the same purpose. Here, we ask if calcium imaging data recorded by TPM in rodent brain can provide enough information to predict features of upcoming movement. We collected calcium imaging signal from rostral forelimb area in layer 2/3 of the motor cortex while mice performed a two-dimensional lever reaching task. Images of average calcium activity collected during motion preparation period and inter-trial interval (ITI) were used to predict the forelimb reach results. The evaluation was based on a deep learning model that had been applied for object recognition. We found that the prediction accuracy for both maximum reaching location and trial outcome based on motion preparation period but not ITI were higher than the probabilities governed by chance. Our study demonstrated that imaging data encompassing information on the spatial organization of functional neuronal clusters in the motor cortex is useful in predicting motor acts even in the absence of detailed dynamics of neural activities.
Highlights
Received: 28 September 2018 Accepted: 20 February 2019 Published: 12 March 2019Citation: Li C, Chan DCW, Yang X, Ke Y and Yung W-H (2019) Prediction of Forelimb Reach Results From Motor Cortex Activities Based on Calcium Imaging and Deep Learning.Front
We excluded the data from one mouse that was physically weaker resulting in insufficient number of trials number needed for deep learning analysis
Since the probability governed by pure chance in correctly predicting the reach location is 1 in 4, or 25% for mouse 7N and 1 in 3, or 33.3% for mouse 9L, these results indicate that the trained Resnet model possessed reasonably good ability in mapping averaged calcium activity of the rostral forelimb area (RFA) to the reaching location in the lever test
Summary
Received: 28 September 2018 Accepted: 20 February 2019 Published: 12 March 2019Front. A central question in neuroscience is how the motor cortex encodes movements (Georgopolous et al, 1988; Russo et al, 2018). One commonly used method to address this question is to implant one or several microelectrode arrays in the motor cortex and record electrophysiological signals while the subject repeats the same behavior task, such as center-out reach task and food reaching task (e.g., Sussillo et al, 2015; Li et al, 2017). In the past decades this approach has generated significant amount of information in understanding the relationship between motor cortex and behavior, the results obtained mainly describe the temporal evolution of neural activity during movement but provide limited spatial organization information of the neurons involved (O’Shea et al, 2017). Two-photon microscopy (TPM) can record faithfully at single-cell spatial
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