Prediction of extrinsic charge, voltage, and work-conversion factors for laminated magnetoelectric composites

Abstract

A magnetoelectric composite produces electricity in response to a magnetic field. The voltage, current, and electric power generated by a unit of magnetic field applied to the composite define the intrinsic voltage, current, and power conversion factors. Since the magnetostrictive phase of the composite has a higher magnetic permeability than the surrounding medium, a far-field magnetic field is not fully utilized due to demagnetization. Thus, novel explicit equations are developed here to calculate the extrinsic voltage, current, and power conversion factors accounting for demagnetization. The proposed formulation is applied to various materials and geometries to illustrate the process of material and device-geometry selection, leading to an optimum design.