Abstract
Determining the distributions of size and velocity of droplets formed at the end of primary breakup region is followed in this paper. The droplet formation stage at the end of primary breakup is random and stochastic and it can be modeled by statistical means based on the maximum entropy principle (MEP). The MEP formulation predicts the atomization process while satisfying constraint equations based on conservations of mass, momentum and energy. This model is capable of considering drag force on produced droplets through gas-liquid interaction using new approach. The model prediction is compared favorably with the experimentally measured size and velocity distributions of droplets for sprays produced by the two nozzles of considerably different geometries and shows satisfactory agreement.
Highlights
The distribution of droplet size and velocity in sprays is a crucial parameter needed for fundamental analysis of practical spray systems
To assess the maximum entropy principle for determination of probability density function (PDF), the procedure is evaluated for two different sprays; a spray resulting from a hollow cone nozzle and a spray from an industrial gas turbine nozzle
The above comparisons show that the present model can predict initial droplet size and velocity distributions reasonably well for sprays produced by two nozzles with considerably different geometries
Summary
The distribution of droplet size and velocity in sprays is a crucial parameter needed for fundamental analysis of practical spray systems. Classic models to predict diameter and velocity distribution of droplets were derived mainly from experimental data. In this procedure, a curve is fitted on different data is obtained from various conditions of nozzle operations. Since mid-1980s, the Maximum Entropy Principle (MEP) method has gained popularity in the field of atomization and sprays to predict droplet size and velocity distribution and has obtained reasonable success. The application of MEP to spray modeling was pioneered by Sellens and Brzustowski [7] and Li and Tankin [8] This approach assumes that in addition to conservation of mass, momentum and energy, the droplet size distribution function satisfies a maximum entropy principle. Comparison between the model prediction and available experimental data indicates good agreement between the two
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