Prediction of coupled hydromechanical behavior of unsaturated soils based on seasonal variations in hydrologic conditions

Abstract

Seasonal variations in hydrologic conditions greatly influence the hydromechanical properties of unsaturated soils. There are several models available to estimate shear strength of unsaturated soil under various hydrologic conditions. However, many of these existing models provide little to no data regarding the deformations associated with wetting and drying of unsaturated soils. The incremental hydromechanical behavior for an unsaturated soil is generally described by a constitutive framework. In this study, a modified Sheng, Fredlund, and Gens (SFG) soil constitutive model was utilized with in situ hydrologic data to simulate fully coupled mechanical behavior for an unsaturated slope over different hydrologic events. This paper also presents a hydrological prediction approach to estimate hydrologic characteristics of unsaturated soils over several wetting and drying events using only the soil-water characteristics parameters of the main drying curve. The proposed approach provides a possibility of describing long-term hydrologic behavior of unsaturated soils by means of a limited amount of in situ hydrologic data. The outcome of this study provides geotechnical engineers with the capability of estimating deformational behavior of unsaturated soils under various real-time rainfall–evapotranspiration conditions and implementing more effective emergency planning.