Prediction of Carcass Traits of Santa Inês Lambs Finished in Tropical Pastures through Biometric Measurements.

Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel,Gelson Dos Santos Difante,Marcone Geraldo Costa,Carolina Marques Costa,Patrick Bezerra Fernandes,Cynthia Gabriela Fernandes De Araújo,João Virgínio Emerenciano Neto,Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo,Itania Maria Medeiros De Araujo,Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo,Juliana Caroline Santos Santana

doi:10.3390/ani11082329

Abstract

Simple SummaryBiometric measurements have been used to estimate the composition and yield of sheep carcass cuts. However, for the most part, they are carried out with animals finished in feedlots and/or with released animals, which do not represent the reality of production systems located in tropical regions because tropical forage grasses are the food base of small and large ruminants and are responsible for most of the meat produced in the tropics. Therefore, the objective was to predict the weights of the primary carcass cuts of Santa Inês lambs finished in tropical pastures through biometric measurements. Adjustments of multiple linear equations and selection of variables to predict carcass characteristics were performed using the STEPWISE option and Mallow’s Cp. The biometric measurements obtained at the time of slaughter can be used as predictive variables of carcass of Santa Inês sheep finished in tropical pastures. The prediction equations are precise and accurate.The aim of this study was to predict carcass traits of Santa Inês lambs finished in tropical pastures by using biometric measurements. Data originated from two experiments involving 56 lambs (32 in experiment I and 24 in experiment II). In both experiments, the sheep were finished in that were finished in pastures of Panicum maximum and Brachiaria brizantha, experiment I being conducted in the rainy season and experiment II in the dry season. The following biometric measurements were recorded before slaughter: body length (BL), withers height (WH), rump height (RH), thorax width (TW), rump width (RW), chest width (CW), heart girth (HG), thigh circumference (TC), rump circumference (RC) and leg length (LL), in addition to live weight at slaughter (SW). After slaughter, hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW) and the weights of primal cuts (shoulder, neck, loin, leg and rib) were recorded. In the equations generated to predict SW, HCW and CCW, R2 ranged from 0.58 to 0.91 and the measurements of WH, TC, CW, HG and RW were the most relevant. In the equations developed to predict the weight of primal cuts, in turn, R2 ranged from 0.26 to 0.99. In these models, SW, BL, CW, TC, LL and HG explained most of the variation in the weight of primal cuts. Biometric measurements can be used to accurately and precisely predict HCW, CCW and the weight of primal cuts from the carcass of Santa Inês sheep finished in tropical pastures, since the equations presented R2 and correlation coefficient and agreement above 0.8.

Highlights

Various methods have been used to determine carcass traits of ruminant animals [1,2,3,4].In addition to being time-consuming and costly due to the high number of samples and laboratory analyses required, these techniques promote waste, since half of the carcass is discarded after evaluations [5]
Slaughter weight had a coefficient of variation (CV) of 8.17%
Of all primal cuts extracted from the carcass, the neck and loin showed the highest CV (18.31 and 17.11%, respectively)

Summary

Introduction

In addition to being time-consuming and costly due to the high number of samples and laboratory analyses required, these techniques promote waste, since half of the carcass is discarded after evaluations [5] In this scenario, the use of biometric measurements can be a non-invasive and viable alternative to estimate carcass traits in sheep, as it has little to no additional cost to producers [6,7,8]. Costa et al [7] and Bautista-Díaz et al [6] showed that biometric measurements can be used to predict the carcass characteristics of feedlot-finished lambs In their vast majority, these measurements are performed on animals finished in feedlots and/or on wool sheep [13], which do not represent the reality of production systems in tropical regions, since tropical forage grasses are the food base of small and large ruminants and are responsible for most of the meat produced in the tropics [14]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion