Abstract
The positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) service of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is developing in the direction of real time and high precision. However, there are some problems that restrict the development of real-time and high-precision PNT technology. Satellite orbit maneuvering is one of the factors that reduce the reliability of real-time navigation products, especially the high-frequency orbit maneuvering of geostationary earth orbit (GEO) and inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites. The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) constellation is designed to contain GEO, IGSO, and medium earth orbit (MEO). These orbit maneuvers bring certain difficulties for data processing, especially for BeiDou satellites, such as decreased real-time service performance, which results in real-time navigation products including unusable maneuvered satellites. Additionally, the performance of real-time navigation products will decrease because the orbit maneuvers could not be known in advance, which diminishes the real-time PNT service performance of BDS for users. Common users cannot obtain maneuvering times and strategies owing to confidentiality, which can lead to a decline in the BDS real-time service performance. Thus, we propose a method to predict orbit maneuvers. BDS data from the broadcast ephemeris were analyzed to verify the availability of the proposed method. In addition, the results of real-time positioning were analyzed by using ultra-rapid orbit products, demonstrating that their reliability is improved by removing maneuvered satellites in advance. This is vital to improve the reliability of real-time navigation products and BDS service performance.
Highlights
The positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) technology of the Global NavigationSatellite System (GNSS) grew out of nothing through development
Considering the normal orbit determination precision of inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites is higher than that of geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites, the reliability of ultra-rapid products for IGSO was analyzed in this study, but the prediction method can be applied to all GEO and IGSO satellites
In order to demonstrate the significance of orbit maneuver prediction for real-time navigation products and positioning, the real-time position results using ultra-rapid precise products are presented
Summary
The positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) technology of the Global Navigation. Satellite System (GNSS) grew out of nothing through development. The GEO and IGSO satellites are considered relevant and valuable complements to GNSS services in the Asia-Pacific region, playing an important role [11,12,13,14] They enhance satellite visibility and PNT availability for users in China and surrounding areas, and improve PNT precision for global users. As the orbit maneuvers and unmaneuvered abnormalities cannot be distinguished, the ultra-rapid precise orbit products published by IGS analysis centers include the unusable maneuvered satellites These problems decrease the reliability of high-precision real-time navigation products of BDS, such as the ultra-rapid precise orbit products published by the analysis center of the international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS). We analyzed the results of real-time positioning based on ultra-rapid precise orbit products from the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), and we present our conclusions and implications
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