Abstract
The purpose of the present study is three-fold. Firstly, it attempts to describe the bake hardening (BH) behavior of selected interstitial free (IF) and dual phase (DP) steels. Secondly, it predicts the BH behavior of the IF DX 51D and DP 500 HCT 590X plates of steel, and thirdly studies material failure prevention in scholarly sources. The research is aimed at investigating the increasing steel strength during the BH of these two high-strength sheets of steel used for outer vehicle body parts. Samples of steel were pre-strained to 1%, 2%, and 5% and then baked at 140–220 °C for 10 to 30 min. The BH effect was determined from three factors: pre-strain, baking temperature, and baking time. Research has shown that increasing the yield strength by the BH effect is predictable. Therefore, the number of experiments could be reduced for the investigation of BH effect for other kinds of IF and DP steels. The literature study of the hailstone failure reveals that the knowledge of BH steels behavior helps to calculate the steel supplier´s failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) risk priority number.
Highlights
In Europe, there were about 25,000 fatal road accidents in 2016, of which passenger accidents accounted for more than 25.6% [1]
The aim of our research is to find out how to control a particular grade of interstitial free (IF) and dual phase (DP) steel by changing input parameters during bake hardening (BH) and to explore the possibility of generalizing this knowledge to other grades of IF and DP steels by microscopic analysis and predict their behavior by multi-polynomial regression
It could be stated that BH effect for IF DX 51D steel is dependent on pre-deformation as opposed to DP 500 HCT 590X steel, where BH effect increases with the rise of temperature
Summary
In Europe, there were about 25,000 fatal road accidents in 2016, of which passenger accidents accounted for more than 25.6% [1]. The European Union’s environmental policy and high customer demands for car quality are forcing manufacturers to adhere to strict quality, safety, and environmental management standards. According to [4] many industrial applications, such as car bodies require steels with good formability and high strengths, taking into account safety, fuel efficiency, environmental performance, manufacturability, durability, and other quality properties. According to the Eurostat 2018 study [1], such steels contribute significantly to reducing the number of fatal road accidents. The goal of car manufacturers is to increase the use of high-strength steels with minimized-thickness because it is necessary for preventing material failure and avoiding cost increases
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