Prediction of a novel topological multidefect ground state

Abstract

Atomistic first-principles-based effective Hamiltonian simulations are conducted in some ferroelectric systems to predict the existence of a novel topological state. Such state is coined here as ``topological eclecton'' because it is made of a plethora of electrical topological defects, including (i) vortices and antivortices in different planes, (ii) hedgehogs and antihedgehogs, and (iii) a few skyrmions. Such state can be a ground state and readapt itself to form other striking topological states or phases when, e.g., heating the system or applying electric fields. In addition to its unique combined topological characteristics, it is also ferroelectric and chiral in nature.