Abstract
Purpose: To accurately derive H0 from subatomic constants in abscence of any standard astronomy data. Methods: Recent astronomical data have determined a value of Hubble’s constant to range from 76.9+3.9-3.4+10.0-8.0 to 67.80 ± 0.77 (km/s)/Mpc. An innovative prediction of H0 is obtained from harmonic properties of the frequency equivalents of neutron, n0, in conjunction with the electron, e; the Bohr radius, α0; and the Rydberg constant, R. These represent integer natural unit sets. The neutron is converted from its frequency equivalent to a dimensionless constant,, where “h” = Planck’s constant, and “s” is measured in seconds. The fundamental frequency, Vf, is the first integer series set . All other atomic data are scaled to Vf as elements in a large, but a countable point set. The present value of H0 is derived and ΩM assumed to be 0. An accurate derivation of H0 is made using a unified power law. The integer set of the first twelve integers N12 {1,2,…,11,12}, and their harmonic fractions exponents of Vf represent the first generation of bosons and particles. Thepartial harmonic fraction, -3/4, is exponent of Vf which represents H0. The partial fraction 3/4 is associated with a component of neutron beta decay kinetic energy. Results: H0 is predicted utilizing a previously published line used to derive Planck time, tp. The power law line of the experimental H0 and tp conforms to the predicted line. Conclusions: H0 can be predicted from subatomic data related to the neutron and hydrogen.
Highlights
All of the known fundamental constants are converted to frequency equivalents, vk, {k = 1, 4}, for the four (4) physical constants used in the Harmonic Neutron Hypothesis (HNH) derivation of H0
Its frequency in Hertzian frequency (Hz) is converted to eV by multiplying by the constant, 4.13566750(21) × 10–15 eV/Hz
The eV was converted to frequency by multiplying by the constant 2.41798930(13) × 1014 Hz/eV
Summary
The Doppler shift is most commonly quoted as a velocity in (km/s)/Mpc. Galaxies appear to be moving at a rate proportional to their distance from the Earth. Galaxies appear to be moving at a rate proportional to their distance from the Earth This is typically interpreted as evidence of the expansion of the Universe. The reported velocities at one Mpc vary with the model and published values include: 76.9+3.9−3.4+10.0−8.0 km·s−1·Mpc−1, 69.32 ± 0.80 km·s−1·Mpc−1, 74.3 ± 2.1 km·s−1·Mpc−1, 67.3 ± 1.2 km·s−1·Mpc−1, Table 1, [1]-[6]. The methods, probes, of measurement and derivation of the H0 are different. This leads to divergent estimated values based on the methods and model.
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