Abstract
Among the most critical issues in VANET are the frequent failures of the route caused by the high mobility of vehicles, the increase of the network overload caused by control messages, and the increase of the data packet delivery time. Short communication route lifetime often breaks down during data packet transmission between the source and the destination vehicles, which results in a relaunch of a new route reconstruction that becomes more frequent and depletes a significant amount of network resources. To face these issues, much research has considered the route stability and the route lifetime determination between source and destination vehicles as important factors to improve the quality of service in the VANET network. However, this research did not take into account the route that has the longest lifetime as the most stable route and assumes that vehicles move at a constant speed during a direct communication between them. Furthermore, it did not model the data packet delivery time between the source and the destination vehicles. For this reason, we propose two protocols that use vehicles density to predict the data packet delivery time before sending the data and use vehicles movement information to determine the longest lifetime route, taking into account the variation of the vehicles velocity for comfort applications on highway. Our schemes are evaluated in function of vehicles density by measuring the average route lifetime, the percentage of packets delivery, the control overhead, the average end-to-end delay, the throughput, and the average number of route failures generated during the transmission of data packets.
Highlights
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) allow vehicles to communicate each other directly through the On Board Unit (OBU) device forming vehicle-to-vehicle communication, or with existing infrastructure via fixed equipment beside the road called Road Side Unit (RSU) forming vehicle-toinfrastructure communication [1, 2]; and they are a key component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) [3]
We propose two schemes for nonsafety applications in a highway environment. ese schemes predict the most stable route relaying two communicating vehicles and take into account the data packet delivery time before sending data, so as to avoid the frequent failures of the route. us, there is the decrease of both lost data packets and control messages. e main contributions of the paper are as follows: (i) To insure that the route which has the longest lifetime will be chosen during the route establishment; that is, our schemes determine the route that has the longest lifetime among all possible routes between the source and the destination vehicles during the route request
We evaluate the performance of our routing schemes MSRP-BM and MSRP against of ROMSGP which more closely resembles to the nature of our algorithms, and location-aided routing (LAR1) [29] that selects the shortest path. ese schemes are evaluated for the average routes lifetime, the percentage of packets delivery, the control overhead, the average end-to-end delay, the throughput, and the average routes failures number generated during the transmission of data packets
Summary
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) allow vehicles to communicate each other directly through the On Board Unit (OBU) device forming vehicle-to-vehicle communication, or with existing infrastructure via fixed equipment beside the road called Road Side Unit (RSU) forming vehicle-toinfrastructure communication [1, 2]; and they are a key component of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) [3]. Intrinsic characteristics of the highly dynamic network topology cause several challenges to develop the previous applications Among these challenges are the frequent breakages of links building the path between two vehicles because of their short lifetimes. Is issue results into a low data packet delivery ratio, an increase of end-to-end delay, an increase of control packets, and a depletion of a significant amount of network resources. To improve these metrics for achieving the sought quality of service, an efficient and reliable routing protocol is needed to Mobile Information Systems provide the most stable routes for supporting the nonsafety applications exchange in VANETs
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