Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the predictability of a detailed mineral profile of beef using different portable near-infrared spectrometers (NIRS). These devices are rapid, chemical waste-free, cheap, nondestructive tools that can be used directly on the meat surface in the work environment without the need to take samples. We compared a transportable Visible-NIRS (weight 5.6 kg; wavelength 350–1830 nm), a portable NIRS (2.0 kg; 950–1650 nm), and a hand-held Micro-NIRS (0.06 kg; 905–1649 nm) to predict the contents of 20 minerals (measured by ICP-OES) in 178 beef samples (Longissimus thoracis muscle) using different mathematical pretreatments of the spectra and partial least square regressions. The externally validated results show that Fe, P, Mg, S, Na, and Pb have some potential for prediction with all instruments (R2VAL: 0.40–0.83). Overall, the prediction performances of the three instruments were similar, although the smallest (Micro-NIRS) exhibited certain advantages.
Highlights
Minerals are important nutrients in meat, an important human food
The mineral content of meat is usually determined by various chemical analytical methods [3], such as atomic absorption spectrometry [4], inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) [5], and neutron activation analysis (NAA) [6]
Twenty different minerals were detected in the beef samples: six essential macro-minerals (Na, Mg, P, S, K, and Ca), five essential micro-minerals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn), and nine environmental micro-minerals (Li, B, Al, Ni, Sr, Sn, Ba, Ti, and Pb)
Summary
Minerals are important nutrients in meat, an important human food. the contents of some minerals are related to meat quality [1], while others are indicators of environmental pollution [2].information of the mineral profile of beef, which is affected by several factors, such as animal breed and farm management practices, including feeding regime, is important for the production of commercial beef of a desirable quality, and to understand the environmental impact of beef production chains.The mineral content of meat is usually determined by various chemical analytical methods [3], such as atomic absorption spectrometry [4], inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) [5], and neutron activation analysis (NAA) [6]. The contents of some minerals are related to meat quality [1], while others are indicators of environmental pollution [2]. A few other methods, e.g., X-ray emission spectrometry, molecular light absorption spectrometry, and molecular fluorometry, are used to analyze minerals in food and feed materials [7]. These techniques are accurate and precise, but they are time consuming, require sample preparation, use costly reagents and apparatuses, and produce toxic waste. Abattoirs and meat processing companies are seeking easy, rapid, non-destructive, albeit less accurate, methods that could be used directly on meat carcasses and cuts
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