Predicting Liver Disease Risk Using a Combination of Common Clinical Markers: A Screening Model from Routine Health Check-Up.

Yi Wang,Yanni Li,Jie Zhang,Lu Zhou,Bangmao Wang,Ranko Gacesa,Xiaoyi Wang

doi:10.1155/2020/8460883

Abstract

Background Early detection is crucial for the prognosis of patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD). Due to the relatively low incidence, developing screening tools for AILD remain a challenge. Aims To analyze clinical characteristics of AILD patients at initial presentation and identify clinical markers, which could be useful for disease screening and early detection. Methods We performed observational retrospective study and analyzed 581 AILD patients who were hospitalized in the gastroenterology department and 1000 healthy controls who were collected from health management center. Baseline characteristics at initial presentation were used to build regression models. The model was validated on an independent cohort of 56 patients with AILD and 100 patients with other liver disorders. Results Asymptomatic AILD individuals identified by the health check-up are increased yearly (from 31.6% to 68.0%, p < 0.001). The cirrhotic rates at an initial presentation are decreased in the past 18 years (from 52.6% to 20.0%, p < 0.001). Eight indicators, which are common in the health check-up, are independent risk factors of AILD. Among them, abdominal lymph node enlargement (LN) positive is the most significant different (OR 8.85, 95% CI 2.73-28.69, p < 0.001). The combination of these indicators shows high predictive power (AUC = 0.98, sensitivity 89.0% and specificity 96.4%) for disease screening. Except two liver or cholangetic injury makers, the combination of AGE, GENDER, GLB, LN, concomitant extrahepatic autoimmune diseases, and familial history also shows a high predictive power for AILD in other liver disorders (AUC = 0.91). Conclusion Screening for AILD with described parameters can detect AILD in routine health check-up early, effectively and economically. Eight variables in routine health check-up are associated with AILD and the combination of them shows good ability of identifying high-risk individuals.

Highlights

Autoimmune liver disease (AILD) is the second commonest cause of chronic liver disease in teenagers
We studied a total of 581 patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD) admitted to the hospital between January 2001 and December 2017, with three main subtypes: 173 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), 330 primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and 78 AIH-PBC overlap syndromes (OS)
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that identified predictors measured in routine health check-up for the early detection of AILD

Summary

Introduction

Autoimmune liver disease (AILD) is the second commonest cause of chronic liver disease in teenagers. Establishing practical methods for identifying high-risk individuals of AILD prior to the development of cirrhosis is crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with AILD. Detection is crucial for the prognosis of patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD). To analyze clinical characteristics of AILD patients at initial presentation and identify clinical markers, which could be useful for disease screening and early detection. Abdominal lymph node enlargement (LN) positive is the most significant different (OR 8.85, 95% CI 2.7328.69, p < 0:001) The combination of these indicators shows high predictive power (AUC = 0:98, sensitivity 89.0% and specificity 96.4%) for disease screening. Eight variables in routine health check-up are associated with AILD and the combination of them shows good ability of identifying high-risk individuals

Methods

Results

Conclusion