Abstract
The main problem for the expansion of the use of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices and, thus, their mass production is their inherent lack of fluid flow control due to its uncontrolled fabrication protocols. To address this issue, the first step is the generation of uniform and reliable microfluidic channels. The most common paper microfluidic fabrication method is wax printing, which consists of two parts, printing and heating, where heating is a critical step for the fabrication of reproducible device dimensions. In order to bring paper-based devices to success, it is essential to optimize the fabrication process in order to always get a reproducible device. Therefore, the optimization of the heating process and the analysis of the parameters that could affect the final dimensions of the device, such as its shape, the width of the wax barrier and the internal area of the device, were performed. Moreover, we present a method to predict reproducible devices with controlled working areas in a simple manner.
Highlights
In recent years, paper has gained considerable attention as a substrate material for microfluidic devices thanks to its remarkable low cost and universal presence but, its mechanical properties, enabling the ease of fabrication/operation, lightness, flexibility and low thickness, as well as biocompatibility and biodegradability [1,2]
University presented a protein–glucose assay fabricated by a lithography method in paper, which is considered as the real introduction of paper-based microfluidics into the world, since it marked the development of this technology [13]
We looked through the wax printing process conditions
Summary
Paper has gained considerable attention as a substrate material for microfluidic devices thanks to its remarkable low cost and universal presence but, its mechanical properties, enabling the ease of fabrication/operation, lightness, flexibility and low thickness, as well as biocompatibility and biodegradability [1,2]. The ones described above will generate μPADs with effective fluid handling andset flow control allow us to predict the dimensions of the final device from the design and the boundallow us to predict the dimensions of the final device from the design and set the boundallow allow us us to to predict predict the the dimensions dimensions of of the the final final device device from from the the design design and and set set the the boundboundallow us to predict the dimensions of the final device from the design and set the boundcapabilities This extra control during the fabrication process will permit the aries needed for the fabrication of reproducible aries needed for the fabrication of reproducible aries aries needed needed for for the the fabrication fabrication of of reproducible reproducible mass fabrication and industrial scalability of μPADs. In this paper, we looked through the wax printing process conditions
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