Predicting copper-polymetallic deposits in Kalatag using the weight of evidence model and novel data sources

Abstract

Abstract The Kalatag Ore Cluster Area, located in the Eastern Tianshan metallogenic belt of Xinjiang, stands out as a notable copper polymetallic mineralization zone, recognized for its diverse ore types and untapped potential. Despite the foundational nature of traditional exploration methods, they have not fully exploited this potential. Addressing this, our study leverages modern geospatial technologies, especially ArcGIS, combined with multi-source geoscience data to refine ore formation predictions in Kalatag. We identified key ore-controlling factors: the ore-bearing strata of Daliugou and Dananhu Groups, buffer zones around faults and intrusions, and geophysical anomalies. From these, a conceptual model was developed using the weight of evidence model. This model pinpointed four ‘A’ class and three ‘B’ class targets for mineral exploration, highlighting the central role of faults in ore control. Significantly, all known ore deposits were encompassed within these targets. Our approach not only paves the way for improved ore prediction in Kalatag but also offers a blueprint for other mineral-rich areas. Merging traditional geology with advanced technology, we elevate mineral exploration’s precision, emphasizing the synergy of an integrated method, especially in geologically complex areas. The effectiveness of our model provides insights for future exploration, particularly in mining areas’ deeper zones.