Abstract
ObjectiveThe present study uses structural equation modeling of latent traits to examine the extent to which family factors, cognitive factors and perceptions of rejection in mother-child relations differentially correlate with aggression at home and at school.MethodsData were collected from 476 school-age (7–15 years old) children with a diagnosis of ADHD who had previously shown different types of aggressive behavior, as well as from their parents and teachers. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the differential relationships between maternal rejection, family, cognitive factors and aggression in home and school settings.ResultsFamily factors influenced aggression reported at home (.68) and at school (.44); maternal rejection seems to be related to aggression at home (.21). Cognitive factors influenced aggression reported at school (.-05) and at home (-.12).ConclusionsBoth genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of aggressive behavior in ADHD. Identifying key risk factors will advance the development of appropriate clinical interventions and prevention strategies and will provide information to guide the targeting of resources to those children at highest risk.
Highlights
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent childhood disorders, and it is a community health problem that may result in significant psychiatric, social and academic problems if not treated
Research shows that aggression is an important associated feature of ADHD, and it is essential in understanding the impact of the disorder and its treatment [3]
Diagnosis of ADHD In total, 476 subjects referred to the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Clinic in 2011 with a diagnosis of ADHD with aggressive behaviors were included in the study, in addition to their parents and teachers
Summary
ADHD is one of the most prevalent childhood disorders, and it is a community health problem that may result in significant psychiatric, social and academic problems if not treated. ADHD frequently co-occurs with other psychiatric disorders [1,2]. Research shows that aggression is an important associated feature of ADHD, and it is essential in understanding the impact of the disorder and its treatment [3]. The presence of comorbid aggression in ADHD does not appear to be spurious, and the severity and/or presence of aggression and ADHD may significantly impact its long-term prognosis. The etiology of aggression in ADHD is not clearly understood. Aggression can be considered to be an outcome of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors [4]. Compared to children who only have ADHD, it
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