Abstract
PurposeData from prospective epidemiological studies in Asian populations and from experimental studies in animals and cell lines suggest a possible protective association between dietary isoflavones and the development of prostate cancer. We examined the association between circulating concentrations of genistein and prostate cancer risk in a case–control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.MethodsConcentrations of the isoflavone genistein were measured in prediagnostic plasma samples for 1,605 prostate cancer cases and 1,697 matched control participants. Relative risks (RRs) for prostate cancer in relation to plasma concentrations of genistein were estimated by conditional logistic regression.ResultsPlasma genistein concentrations were not associated with prostate cancer risk; the multivariate relative risk for men in the highest fifth of genistein compared with men in the lowest fifth was 1.00 (95 % confidence interval: 0.79, 1.27; p linear trend = 0.82). There was no evidence of heterogeneity in this association by age at blood collection, country of recruitment, or cancer stage or histological grade.ConclusionPlasma genistein concentration was not associated with prostate cancer risk in this large cohort of European men.
Highlights
Results from several prospective epidemiological studies of dietary isoflavone or soy intake and prostate cancer risk in Asian populations, as well as from experimental studies in animal models and in cell lines, suggest a possible protective association between dietary isoflavones and the development of prostate cancer [1,2,3]
We examined the association between circulating concentrations of genistein and prostate cancer risk in a case–control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Plasma genistein concentrations were not associated with prostate cancer risk; the multivariate relative risk for men in the highest fifth of genistein compared with men in the lowest fifth was 1.00 (95 % confidence interval: 0.79, 1.27; p linear trend = 0.82)
Summary
Results from several prospective epidemiological studies of dietary isoflavone or soy intake and prostate cancer risk in Asian populations, as well as from experimental studies in animal models and in cell lines, suggest a possible protective association between dietary isoflavones and the development of prostate cancer [1,2,3]. Published data from large-scale prospective investigations of circulating concentrations of isoflavones in relation to risk are limited and inconsistent [6, 7]. An earlier investigation of plasma phyto-estrogens in 950 men with prostate cancer and 1,042 matched control participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition [8] found a possible inverse association with prediagnostic plasma concentrations of genistein, but no evidence of an association with daidzein, equol, or the lignans enterolactone and enterodiol.
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