Abstract
The Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) determines a regulatory set of instructions for fisheries agreements. These rules control fishing activity in Brazilian basins during closed fishing seasons. However, many fishermen violate the agreements, as seen in the river basin Uba, in the municipality of Moju-Pará. When fishermen breach IBAMA’s stated regulations, the municipality is urged to act on the case, but with little knowledge of critical areas which suffer from overfishing. This makes the logistics of solving these issues difficult and often problematic. This work strives to serve as an aid to environmental agencies in their endeavor to inspect and regulate the issue of overfishing in critical areas, such as the Úba river basin in the municipality of Moju-Para. Our methods include a literature review of research concerning the issue, identifying critical points, as well as preparing maps and proposals for the site of environmental monitoring activities in the city. From within the critical points, we identified the hot spots. We observed five distinct vegetation types located roughly 10 kilometers along the river, and the corresponding agricultural anthropic areas to 49% of the entire study area’s territory. It is noted that the areas of greatest concentrations of overfished territories are lined with countryside, forest and dense vegetation. Thus, environmental inspections should take place in areas near the communities and the Úba river and especially in the area beyond the Levi resort, where the hot spot was identified, while always considering the logistics for hard to reach areas.
Highlights
Miranda (2016) lists the main changes that occur in the Ubá river basin: a) cutting and burning the riparian forest; b) deposition of garbage and domestic sewage in rivers; c) health problems related to poor water quality in rivers; d) disorderly logging in riparian forest; e) clearing of riparian forest; f) use of pesticides in agricultural crops, grown on the banks of this river and its tributaries; g) silting up of the Ubá River and its tributaries; h) disappearance of sources
In the Ubá River, the occupation process combined with selective logging, agricultural activity and livestock have caused drastic changes in the areas of primary and secondary forests, compromising riparian forests, springs and water quality
49% of the basin's area is characterized as agricultural anthropic areas, with an altimetry of 1 - 55 meters and predominantly flat slope
Summary
To avoid financial consequences of the regulations to fishermen, financial aid from the federal government (known as closed insurance) is provided during this period (Acauan et al, 2018) Even with this compensation, a portion of the fishing professionals do not comply with the agreement and maintain fishing activity during the closed season. It is common to use resources considered unsuitable and/or damaging for fishing, due to the environmental impact they cause, both in the closed season and during the rest of the year (Tavares & Dias, 2014). The municipality of Moju has established a fishing agreement for the Ubá and Jambuaçu river basins, in accordance with Normative Instruction No 22 of March 30, 2004, which authorizes fishing prohibition and permissions in the period from November 1 to February 28th (IBAMA, 2004). The municipality is responsible in varying capacities for supervising and interrupting this activity, as well as reprimanding offenders
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