Predator-prey dynamics with Allee effect on predator species subject to intra-specific competition and nonlinear prey refuge

Abstract

A modified version of our previously analyzed prey-predator refuge model is presented in this article by introducing Allee effect on the predator species and mutual interference among the predators. Possible number of coexistence equilibrium points are investigated with the help of prey and predator nullcline. The local stability and Hopf-bifurcation conditions are established around the coexistence equilibria. We have also discussed the nature of Hopf-bifurcation around the unique coexistence equilibrium point of the system as well. Finally, a comprehensive numerical simulation is carried out to justify our obtained analytical findings.