Precordial ST segment depression predicts a worse prognosis in inferior infarction despite reperfusion therapy

Abstract

The impact of associated precordial ST segment depression in inferior myocardial infarction on angiographic and clinical outcomes after thrombolytic therapy and selective coronary angioplasty was studied in 583 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Anterior infarction (Group I), inferior infarction with precordial ST segment depression (Group II) and inferior infarction without precordial ST segment depression (Group III) were present in 289, 135 and 159 patients, respectively.Precordial ST segment depression was more frequent in circumflex than right coronary infarct-retated arteries (44 [71%] of 62 versus 91 [40%] of 230; p = 0.000). Although acute patency rates were not statistically different, there was a trend toward different patency rates at day 7 (Group I 88%, Group II 84%, Group III 80%; p = 0.089) partly because of insignificantly higher reocclusion rates in inferior infarction without precordial ST segment depression (Group I 11%, Group II 10%, Group III 18%, p = 0.104).Infarct zone regional wall motion (standard deviations/ chord) in inferior infarction was lower with precordial ST segment depression, both acutely (Group I −2.8 ± 0.9, Group II −2.5 ± 1.2, Group III 2.0 ± 1.1; p = 0.000) and at day 7 (Group I −2.2 ± 1.1, Group II −2.3 ± 1.1, Group III −1.9 ± 1.3; p = 0.011). Precordial ST segment depression was associated with a lower ejection fraction in inferior infarction both acutely (Group 147 ± 11%, Group II 53 ± 11%, Group III 58 ± 9%; p = 0.000) and at day 7 (Group I 49 ± 12%, Group II 53 ± 10%, Group III 58 ± 8%; p = 0.000).Complication rates tended to be higher in inferior infarction when precordial ST segment depression was present. Mortality rates for Groups I, II and III were 8%, 6% and 5%, respectively. These results suggest that precordial ST segment depression in inferior infarction predicts a worse ventriculographic and clinical outcome despite reperfusion therapy.