Abstract
Preconditioning effects of cytokinin in the shoot proliferation medium on explant quality and subsequent adventitious regeneration of `Bartlett' and `Beurre Bosc' pear were investigated. The basal medium for regeneration consisted of half-strength MS macro- and micronutrients, MS organics, 30 g·liter–1 sucrose, 6 g·liter–1 agar, and 10 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), and 1 μM NAA. Leaves from BAP medium were more effective than those from media with 2-iP or kinetin in spite of the increased leaf size of shoots cultured with 2-iP (28% vs. 10%). Use of leaves from in vitro-rooted shoots did not increase regeneration frequency (19.5% vs. 31%) of `Bartlett'. Actively expanding leaves are more suitable explants than larger, fully expanded leaves. Liquid medium overlays and incubation in liquid medium decreased regeneration frequency when compared with agar-solidified medium. Among auxins in regeneration induction phase media, IBA (0.5 or 1.0 μM) resulted in greater regeneration than NAA.
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