Abstract
A simple, rapid and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction-solidification of floating organic drop procedure was combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry and established for the determination of trace amounts of silver. 5-(4-dimethylamino-benzylidine) (Rhodenylene) ligand and 1-dodecanol were used as complexing agents and extracting solvents, respectively. The optimum extraction efficiency of silver was obtained after optimization of the pH, concentration of ligand, the nature and amount of solvent extraction, salt increase effect, extraction time, extraction temperature and stirring rate. The effects of various ions on the recovery of Ag were also investigated. The limit of detection defined as 3SB/m was 1.55 ngL−1. The sensitivity for three eight measurements of 10 and 100 μgL−1 of silver was 1.55 ngL−1. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for the measurements of 0.20 μgL−1 of silver was ±2.3%. Water well, mineral water and urban drinking water samples were analyzed for Ag amount. The microextraction method was satisfactorily used for the determination of Ag in various environmental waters.
Highlights
Silver is lustrous, soft, very ductile and malleable metal
A novel microextraction technique, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME), was recently introduced by Assadi and co-workers [2] based on the formation of tiny droplets of the extractantin the sample solution using a water-immiscible organic solvent dissolved in a water-miscible organic dispersive solvent
The enhancement factor was calculated as the ratio between the slope ratio of calibration curves obtained after and before DLLME-SFOD
Summary
It has the highest electrical conductivity of all metals, but it is not widely used for electrical purposes as it is very expensive. A novel microextraction technique, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME), was recently introduced by Assadi and co-workers [2] based on the formation of tiny droplets of the extractantin the sample solution using a water-immiscible organic solvent (extractant) dissolved in a water-miscible organic dispersive solvent. The required extraction solvent is limited; these solvents, such as chlorobenzene, chloroform, and tetrachloromethane, have a higher density than water and are toxic and environment-unfriendly [3]. In 2007, Yamini and co-workers [4] developed a novel mode of liquid phase microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic
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