Abstract
Abstract Precocious puberty (PP) is defined as the onset of clinical signs of puberty before the age of 8 years in girls and 9.5 years in boys. It may be caused by central or peripheral mechanisms. Central PP (CPP) results from premature reactivation of the hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal axis, with a hormonal pattern similar to that of normal puberty. CPP may be due to hypothalamic lesions or idiopathic in most cases, particularly in girls. It may have consequences for growth and psychosocial development. Thorough evaluation is required to identify its cause and potential for progression. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists are the standard treatment for progressive CPP. The available data indicate that this treatment does not seem to cause or aggravate obesity or have repercussions for body composition, bone mineral density and fertility. Recent studies have implicated a genetic cause for paternally transmitted familial CPP, but such defects do not underlie maternally transmitted CPP and are rarely involved in sporadic forms.
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