Preclinical Pharmacological Profiling and Cardioprotective Activity for Methanolic Extracts of Stem Bark of Muntingia calabura L against Adrenaline Induced Cardio-Toxicity

Abstract

Medicinal plants have been a major antecedent for treatment of human diseases since time immemorial. The present study was designed to perform the preclinical pharmacological profile and evaluation of the cardioprotective activity of methanolic extracts obtained from stem bark of Muntingia calabura L. Wistar albino rats (n=6) were used for acute and sub acute toxicity study. The control groups received vehicle (2ml/kg, p.o.) and the other groups administered from 100 to 2000 mg/kg, per oral (p.o) of the methanolic extract of M. calabura bark. In sub-acute toxicity studies control group recieved vehicle (3ml/kg, p.o.) and other recieved 500 mg/kg p.o. of methanolic extracts of M. calabura L stem bark. Rats (n = 6) were treated with methanolic extracts of stem bark of M.calabura L of 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg for 30 days and one with Propranolol for last 7 days, one as toxic control. The treated groups were subjected to Adrenaline (2mg/kg, s.c.) toxicity on 31St day. Effects were evaluated after 24hrs treatment were investigated for changes of electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters, serum biomarkers, tissue antioxidants, lipid profile, and histopathological examination. Tissue and Serum homogenate parameters were analysed by spectrophotometer and semi-auto analyzer respectively. Results obtained were assessed by the one-way analysis of variance with Tukey–Karmer multiple comparison test. In acute and sub-acute toxicity studies animals were observed continuously from 4 hours to 14 days for observation of behavioral changes, The hematological, histopathological and biochemical parameters were analysed for safe preclinical pharmacological profile of methanolic extracts of stem bark of M.calabura L. The best effective group of methanolic extracts of stem bark of M.calabura L is 100mg/kg which showed extremely significant (P < 0.001) decrease in serum biomarker levels and produced profound decrease of cardiac necrosis compared to toxic control group and found subtled cardioprotection.