Preclinical and Clinical Studies on Application of Human Myoblasts in Regeneration of the Postinfarction Heart

Abstract

Principal definitions of stem cell subdivisions as well as of the physiology of the renewal of their descendants have been elucidated in recent years. Regeneration mechanisms have been outlined using as an example the intestinal villus niche. Sources of stem cells for preclinical studies and the main conclusions from clinical trials have been developed in the vast majority in the 21st century. Meta-analyses and summaries have been focused so far on bone marrow stem cells and muscle-derived stem cells, which have been most often tried to date. Polish clinical trials on postinfarcted hearts have been consistent with the world literature regarding the major conclusions for myocardial regeneration. The controversies include possible side effects of stem cell applications. The necessity for genetic modification of the stem cells, which are mainly myoblasts, has been justified by the results of recently performed trials, initial examples including transfections of proangiogenic factors into human primary myoblast suspensions.