Abstract
Future calorimeters and shower maximum detectors at high luminosity colliders need to be highly radiation resistant and very fast. One exciting option for such a detector is a calorimeter composed of a secondary emitter as the active element. In this report we outline the study and development of a secondary emission calorimeter prototype using micro-channel plates (MCP) as the active element, which directly amplify the electromagnetic shower signal. We demonstrate the feasibility of using a bare MCP within an inexpensive and robust housing without the need for any photo cathode, which is a key requirement for high radiation tolerance. Test beam measurements of the prototype were performed with 120 GeV primary protons and secondary beams at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility, demonstrating basic calorimetric measurements and precision timing capabilities. Using multiple pixel readout on the MCP, we demonstrate a transverse spatial resolution of 0.8 mm, and time resolution better than 40 ps for electromagnetic showers.
Highlights
In this paper we discuss our studies on the usage of micro-channel plates (MCP) as precision timing sensors in high energy physics
We find the signal amplitude to scale in the expected way with the shower depth, increasing to a depth of about 5 radiation length and decreasing
We find the time resolution to be around 13 ps, only slightly worse than for the bare MCP in response to a 120 GeV proton
Summary
In this paper we discuss our studies on the usage of micro-channel plates (MCP) as precision timing sensors in high energy physics. MCPs have been suggested as the active element in a sampling calorimeter for a long time [1] where the charged shower particles induce signals in the MCP structure which we shall refer to as secondary emission (SE). Our studies with MCPs cover several aspects of precision timing measurements in high energy physics : MCPs as very precise reference timing detectors, as tools to study the timing properties of showers in calorimeters and MCPs as active elements in precision timing calorimeter. Precision timing calorimeters promise to be a very powerful tools for physics at the energy and intensity frontier [4]. The studies presented here focus on the timing performance of MCPs measuring electromagnetic showers. As we have discussed previously, the temporal evolution of electromagnetic showers is very coherent [5], allowing multiple measurements on a single shower, increasing the precision of the combined measurements
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