Abstract
Metastasis represents the greatest challenge to treatment of cancer patients. Biomaterial scaffolds that recruit tumor cells to a defined site in vivo are an emerging platform for the diagnosis, treatment, and study of metastasis. Recruitment of immune cells and metastatic tumor cells to a defined location provides a precision health platform to assess current clinical cancer biomarkers in a metastatic setting, and to define the next generation of biomarkers. These platforms represent an opportunity to create a molecular staging of metastasis that could aid in both the early diagnosis and treatment of metastasis.
Highlights
L1 negative metastases, would benefit from receiving an appropriately targeted therapy while avoiding treatment delays from exposure to ineffective and potentially toxic agents
Tumor cells recruited to the synthetic niche are representative of metastasis to other organs, and reflect an aggressive population; similar in metastatic ability, behavior in vitro, and transcriptome to breast cancer cells that spontaneously metastasized to the lung [2]. These findings suggest that tumor cells recruited to a synthetic niche could provide a surrogate for tumor cells in occult or relatively inaccessible locations
The synthetic niche platform has potential benefits beyond enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), which has been performed as part of clinical research for more than two decades yet has not been routinely applied in clinical decision making
Summary
Precision health for breast cancer metastasis: biomaterial scaffolds as an engineered metastatic niche to define, study, and monitor metastatic progression.
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