Precision and Uses of Biological Reference Points Calculated from Stock Recruitment Data

Abstract

Abstract A bootstrap procedure was used to estimate the precision of biological reference points from stock–recruitment data. A Beverton–Holt model was used for the Georges Bank stock of yellowtail flounder Limanda (= Pleuronectes) ferrugine and a Ricker model was used for the northwest Atlantic stock of Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus. Results indicate the bootstrap approach should be useful in developing management strategies and control laws to allow for sustainable harvests of marine fish stocks. Results also illustrate the potential benefits of using the spawning stock biomass that produces maximum sustained yield as a limit reference point and not a target reference point for fish stocks. Statistics and estimates of precision from bootstrap results can be used to (1) develop risk-averse management strategies, (2) identify thresholds for recruitment overfishing, (3) examine the utility of limit and target reference points, and (4) investigate sustainable yield levels. A current goal of many fisher...