Abstract
We explore the crucial role of relative space–time positioning between the two detectors in an operational two-party entanglement-harvesting protocol. Specifically we show that the protocol is robust if imprecision in spatial positioning and clock synchronization are much smaller than the spatial separation between the detectors and its light-crossing time thereof. This in principle guarantees robustness if the imprecision is comparable to a few times the size of the detectors, which suggests entanglement harvesting could be explored for tabletop experiments. On the other hand, keeping the effects of this imprecision under control would be demanding on astronomical scales.
Highlights
The vacuum state of a long-range field is unentangled with respect to its extended nonlocal modes but can be entangled with respect to local modes [1] corresponding to localized detectors
We are interested in the role and limitations to this protocol that arise form the requirement to control the spatial separation between the detectors and their switching synchronization
We have reviewed that entanglement harvesting is the result of the the non-local terms |J | dominating over the local noise terms I in the interaction of a system of two detectors with the vacuum state of a quantum field
Summary
The vacuum state of a long-range field is unentangled with respect to its extended nonlocal modes but can be entangled with respect to local modes [1] corresponding to localized detectors. The process can be understood in the following terms: An actuator turns the interaction between these two detectors and the field on and off, resulting in two initially unentangled detectors evolving into an entangled pair, after ignoring, or tracing out, the field itself. The resultant pair of entangled detectors can in principle serve as a resource for performing quantum information tasks such as teleportation [7, 8], superdense coding [9, 10], or fingerprinting [11, 12]. A positive value of negativity is a necessary and sufficient condition for entanglement in the case of two qubits [20, 21]
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