Abstract
We for the first time proposed a sandwich mode recognition approach for heavy metal ions based on the solubility product principle, i.e., a metal sulfide with a high solubility product is paired with a metal sulfide with a low solubility product to selectively identify a target heavy metal ion with an intermediate solubility product. In this work, a pair of α-NiS and β-NiS nanostructures with the same composition but different solubility product constants were synthesized, and the relationship of solubility product constants among α-NiS, β-NiS and ZnS is α-NiS < ZnS < β-NiS, conferring very different adsorption properties of α-NiS and β-NiS for Zn(II). The Zn(II) adsorption percentage of α-NiS hollow sphere is 99.5%, while that of β-NiS hollow sphere is only 14.5%. Using this finely designed pair of α-NiS and β-NiS, precise recognition of Zn(II) in mixed ions was realized, perfectly verifying the feasibility of the novel recognition protocol. This recognition method is simple and designable, and may be used for precise identification and rapid enrichment of targeted single or multiple heavy metal ions.
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