Abstract
We elucidate here the strengthening mechanisms in titanium microalloyed low-carbon steels, which were rolled into plates of 12 mm thickness using a combination of thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) and ultrafast cooling (UFC). The ultrafast cooling combined with thermomechanical controlled processing is referred by us as new generation (NG)-TMCP. Chemical phase analysis, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the characteristics of nanoscale cementite precipitates and microalloyed precipitates. Besides nanoscale TiC, cementite precipitates of size less than ∼35 nm with high volume fraction were observed in Ti-microalloyed steel. Cementite with high volume fraction had a stronger precipitation strengthening effect than nanometer-sized TiC. The precipitation strengthening contribution of nanoscale precipitates of different types and size was estimated together with solid solution strengthening and grain refinement strengthening contribution. The estimated yield strength was consistent with the experimental value.
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