Abstract
High-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) images of niobium-doped tungsten trioxide show small spot contrasts and walls of apparently empty sites, in addition to a fascinating range of extended defects involving crystallographic shear, pentagonal column and combination precipitation phenomena. The precipitation of crystallographic shear defects in situ and the appearance of metal-rich surface layers are described. Computer simulations of pentagonal columns and of small-defect contrast are used to test the validity of oxygen-vacancy and interstitial-defect models, and to support the interpretation of more complex defect structures. It is concluded that the precipitation phenomena involve aggregation of predominantly oxygen-vacancy defects, although there is also some evidence for interstitial defects.
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Schedule a callMore From: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences
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