Abstract
A need to monitor precipitation extremes from space is widely recognized, especially for regions where ground-based observations are limited or unavailable. This article examines the usefulness of precipitation extremes monitoring using the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) near-real-time product in the East Asia and Western Pacific region—one of the world's most disaster-prone regions. With case studies and statistical analysis, heavy rainfall and drought detected using the GSMaP Near-real-time Gauge-adjusted Rainfall Product (GNRT6) were validated. Heavy rainfall for daily and weekly precipitation and short-term drought from one month up to three months were defined by a 90th percentile threshold or more and the Standardized Precipitation Index over periods from April 2000 to March 2019, respectively. The results of analyses suggested that the detectability varied depending on the region, such as good detection in dry areas and poor detection in rainy island nations. While the accuracy of GNRT6 is confirmed as being generally better than that of the satellite-only uncorrected product, low detectability can be caused by coarse resolutions of parameters used in the gauge-adjustment technique of the GNRT6 and is regarded as a future task.
Highlights
P RECIPITATION extremes monitoring is necessary because heavy precipitation events can trigger such natural disasters as floods and landslides, and drought events affect agriculture and water management
This article examined the usefulness of the near-real-time Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) product for precipitation extremes monitoring in the East Asia and Western Pacific regions
Operational metrological and hydrological users require shorter latency and better accuracy for the data used in monitoring; the GSMaP Gauge-adjusted Rainfall Product version 6 (GNRT6) that satisfies these requirements was used in this study
Summary
P RECIPITATION extremes monitoring is necessary because heavy precipitation events can trigger such natural disasters as floods and landslides, and drought events affect agriculture and water management. The GSMaP Near-real-time Gauge-adjusted Rainfall Product version 6 (GNRT6) is used for extremes monitoring, because shorter latency and higher accuracy are required. GNRT6 adjusts GSMaP Near-real-time Product version 6 (NRT6) using a system model with parameters calculated from data obtained during the past 30 days. Where R is the rain rate from the daily rain gauge data, n is the hourly time, a is the rain rate from the GGA, x is the rain rate from the GSMaP standard Product version 6 (MVK6), and vn and wn are the noise terms. JAXA provides both the near-real-time data and the past data records on a website.
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