Preceptor leadership style and the nursing practicum.

Abstract

Preceptors are clinically based nurses that agree to participate with nursing students in an effort to provide them with opportunities to reinforce their knowledge with clinical experience. Preceptors serve as nursing role models to students and can facilitate their understanding and socialization into the reality of nursing. Studies on preceptorships have focused traditionally on the experience of precepting from the perspectives of student, employer, and preceptor. Literature related to methods for matching preceptors and students is very limited. Selection of preceptors to serve as role models for students should not be limited to clinical skill alone. Student learning and clinical experience can be influenced directly by the leadership characteristics that a preceptor possesses. To make the experience of precepting positive and beneficial for preceptor, student, and faculty, an examination and discussion of the potential preceptor's leadership style should be conducted. Situational leadership and the four different styles of leadership identified by Hersey and Blanchard provide a useful model for identifying leadership traits in preceptors that nursing faculty will find useful as they seek to match preceptors in a way that will facilitate knowledge acquisition and application for nursing students in the clinical setting.