Abstract
Considering the two most applied ethical ideologies in science, the Value Neutrality and the Precautionary Principle, the latter is the ethical criterion that best fits the way in which chemistry has been developed and is currently executed. This work begins with a historical description of each ideology and a comparison of their fundamental statutes. After an analysis of the main problems that humanity has experienced through the chemical sciences— massive accidents, environmental pollution and public health problems—an evaluation is made of how chemistry has applied the Precautionary Principle to evaluate every scientific and technological development and thus reestablish new criteria for the remediation and prevention of harmful scenarios to humanity and the environment. The work concludes that chemistry has established a basis for ethical exercise applying the Precautionary Principle, and this is reflected in pragmatic and objective developments as Green Chemistry, remediation and substitution technologies, and in Sanitary and Environmental Regulation.
Highlights
Considering the two most applied ethical ideologies in science, the Value Neutrality and the Precautionary Principle, the latter is the ethical criterion that best fits the way in which chemistry has been developed and is currently executed
After an analysis of the main problems that humanity has experienced through the chemical sciences— massive accidents, environmental pollution and public health problems—an evaluation is made of how chemistry has applied the Precautionary Principle to evaluate every scientific and technological development and reestablish new criteria for the remediation and prevention of harmful scenarios to humanity and the environment
The work concludes that chemistry has established a basis for ethical exercise applying the Precautionary Principle, and this is reflected in pragmatic and objective developments as Green Chemistry, remediation and substitution technologies, and in Sanitary and Environmental Regulation
Summary
The understanding of ethical boundaries that science must implement in its scientific, academic and technological developments is one of the most pressing challenges for 21st century science. This work begins with a documentary review of the main ideas of both ethical lines, their historical and ideological origins, and a proposal of why chemistry, in many cases without knowing it, leaves neutrality in value judgments and builds principles of analysis and prediction of catastrophic consequences to avoid them as far as possible. It adjusts to the Precautionary Principle of Science
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