Precast Bridges of Bamboo Reinforced Concrete in Disadvantaged Village Areas in Indonesia

Muhtar Muhtar

doi:10.3390/app10207158

Abstract

Bamboo is an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and renewable building material that thrives in Indonesia. Bamboo has a high tensile strength but also has weaknesses, namely, it is easily attacked by insects and has high water absorption. Utilization of bamboo as a precast concrete bridge reinforcement must be treated first through soaking, drying, and giving a waterproof coating and sand. This research aimed to obtain a precast bamboo reinforced concrete bridge technology with good integrity, with measuring parameters of deformation and deflection according to AASHTO standards. The dimensions of the bridge were a span of 320 cm, a width of 224 cm, and a height of 115 cm. Two bridge frames were connected by four bridge beams. The bridge plate was made of a 10-cm-thick concrete plate. The bridge support of the reinforced concrete is assumed to be the hinge support and the rubber bearing is assumed to be the roller support. The bamboo reinforced concrete frame bridge test was carried out directly with a load of a minibus-type vehicle. The test results show that the precast bamboo reinforced concrete frame bridges have sufficiently good integrity; that is, they can distribute loads with deflection and deformation that do not exceed their permits. The maximum displacement occurs in the bridge frame of 0.25 mm, meeting the requirements based on the AASTHO and RSNI T-12-2004 standards, which is not more than Δmax = L/800 = 3.75 mm. The maximum deformation occurs in the bridge beam of 0.20 mm, and the bridge frame of 0.13 mm meets the requirements based on the AASTHO and RSNI T-12-2004 standards, which is not more than δmax = L/800 = 3.75 mm.

Highlights

The continued use of industrial products has caused permanent pollution
The maximum deformation occurs in the bridge beam of 0.20 mm, and the bridge frame of 0.13 mm meets the requirements based on the AASTHO and RSNI T-12-2004 standards, which is not more than δmax = L/800 = 3.75 mm
The precast bridges were tested with a minibus car full of passengers

Summary

Introduction

The continued use of industrial products has caused permanent pollution. Permanent pollution is environmental pollution caused by industrial waste without recycling or the continuous use of raw materials from nature without renewal. The use of bamboo as a renewable building material can reduce pollution and maintain a healthy environment [1]. Bamboo is a grass plant with cavities and nodes in its stems [2]. Bamboo is a renewable building material, such as wood. Bamboo has the advantage of being economical, growing fast, and does not take long to achieve mechanical resistance. Mechanical resistance of bamboo, such as tensile strength, flexural strength, and other mechanical properties, can be achieved in a relatively fast time, namely at the age of bamboo ranging from 3–4 years [3]

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Conclusion