Abstract
BackgroundThough cervical cancer is largely preventable, it is still the second most common female cancer globally and the leading cause of cancer deaths among females in African. Though many efforts have been done to study the burden of the disease in Ethiopia, primary studies examining the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions are fragmented. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and its trends in Ethiopia.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using the following electronic databases. PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, African Index Medicus (AIM), African Journals Online databases, and Addis Ababa and Bahir Dar Universities research repositories were searched following the Preferred Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) Guideline. STATA 15 statistical software was used to analyze the data. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality appraisal tool for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistics based on the random effects model. A random effects model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia. Finally, the trend of precancerous cervical lesion in the country was presented.ResultSeventeen studies with a total of 26,112 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was 15.16 (95% CI 10.16–19.70). The subgroup analysis by region showed the highest prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion at the Southern Nations and Nationalities Peoples Region (19.65%; 95% CI 15.51–23.80). The trend of precancerous cervical lesion prevalence showed an increased pattern over time.ConclusionApproximately one among six of the study participants had precancerous cervical lesion. The trend also showed that there is still an increasing precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia. Best practices in achieving high vaccination coverage shall be informed by practices in other successful countries.
Highlights
Though cervical cancer is largely preventable, it is still the second most common female cancer globally and the leading cause of cancer deaths among females in African
Searching strategies This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia
The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion among Ethiopian women between 1992 and 2019, providing information about trends and demographics
Summary
Though cervical cancer is largely preventable, it is still the second most common female cancer globally and the leading cause of cancer deaths among females in African. Approximately 500,000 new CC cases are diagnosed and 270,000 women die of this disease, mostly. 86% of all CC diagnosed and 88% of CC deaths occur in developing regions of the world [9]. Cervical cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in African women [10, 11]. The incidence is growing, as an estimated 570,000 new cases of CC was recorded in 2018, with approximately 90% of the deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries [12]. Rates vary substantially across regions, with the incidence and death rates in East Africa and West Africa similar to rates in North Africa [13]
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