Pre-harvest glyphosate desiccation on barley seed quality

Maximiliano Kawahata Pagliarini,Bruno Cezar Alvaro Pontim,Marisa Cáceres Rebouças,Euclydes Minella,Kamila De Almeida Monaco-Mello,Carla Regina Baptista Gordin,Patricia Dos Santos Zomerfeld

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16469

Abstract

The experiment was conducted into two stages, the first being the barley seed production and application of glyphosate and the second the vigour tests in the laboratory. Both stages were performed at the Experimental Farm of Agrarian Sciences at Grand Dourados Federal University (UFGD). In field, four cultivars of barley was sowing being: BRS Cryst, BRS Kallibre, BRS Demeter, BRS Sampa. For desiccation, the glyphosate herbicide (480 g L-1 of active ingredient) was used, applied using a backpack sprayer at dose of 5 L ha-1. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, and each cultivar was divided into five replications, applying the herbicide in four of them leaving one without application for control. The application was made when seeds presented water content close to 50%. At second stage, eight evaluation were made being one at the day of glyphosate application, one, two, three, eight, ten and fourteen days after application and without application in natural physiological maturity. In each evaluation, sowing was performed according to Rules to Seed Analysis. The analyses were: First count, percentage of germination, germination speed index, mean germination time, mean germination speed, accelerated aging and synchronization index. Glyphosate has interfered negatively in the physiological maturation of barley seeds when the herbicide was applied in pre-harvest. The results obtained showed that there was an increase in seeds germination after 14 days of application, however, the means were significantly smaller in relation to seeds harvested at the point of physiological maturation without glyphosate application.

Highlights

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), in Brazil, is produced almost exclusively for beer purposes, and, as winter crop, its cultivation is concentrated at states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina
Analysing each treatment with or without glyphosate application we noticed that before application (105 DAS) the first count was very low, 7% for BRS Cryst; 4.5% for BRS Kallibre and zero for BRS Demeter and BRS Sampa which implied that seeds presented water content close to 50% did not have mature embryo
The same occurred with the percentage of final germination, at 7 DAS, the application of glyphosate interfered in the formation of the seed interrupting maturation or decreasing, as it is possible to observe that there was an increase in the first count and final germination until 14 Days after application (DAA)

Summary

Introduction

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), in Brazil, is produced almost exclusively for beer purposes, and, as winter crop, its cultivation is concentrated at states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. Barley needs effective and continuous research support (Pessenti et al, 2021), such as in the application of new technologies to improve productive potential expression with the increase of profitability and seeds quality (Tavares et al, 2018). These topic is very important for all crops system production, as it is the beginning of process. The use of high quality seeds significantly influences crops yield components, which can cause an increase of up to 15% in productivity when compared to low quality seeds (Bagateli et al, 2019; Vergara et al, 2020)

Methods

Results

Conclusion