Abstract
Among various fimbrial structures used by Salmonella enterica to colonize host tissues, type 1 fimbriae (T1F) are among the most extensively studied. Although some experiments have shown the importance of T1F in the initial stages of Salmonella infection, their exact role in the infection process is not fully known. We suggested that different outcomes of T1F investigations were due to the use of different pre-infection growth conditions for the induction of the T1F. We utilized qPCR, flow cytometry, and a wide range of adhesion assays to investigate Salmonella Choleraesuis and Salmonella Typhimurium adhesion in the context of T1F expression. We demonstrated that T1F expression was highly dependent on the pre-infection growth conditions. These growth conditions yielded T1F+ and T1F- populations of Salmonella and, therefore, could be a factor influencing Salmonella-host cell interactions. We supported this conclusion by showing that increased levels of T1F expression directly correlated with higher levels of Salmonella adherence to the intestinal epithelial IPEC-J2 cell line.
Highlights
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica is a food and water-borne Gram-negative bacterial pathogen with the ability to infect a wide range of animal species, from reptiles to birds and mammals
For analysis of how serial passages of Salmonella impact its adhesion ability to intestinal epithelial cells, we performed adhesion/infection tests with five different Salmonella serovars (Abortusovis, Choleraesuis, Dublin, Enteritidis, and Typhimurium) to IPEC-J2 intestinal epithelial cell line after the first and the fifth passage at the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 50 (Figure 1A)
The SPI-1 T3SS is crucial for Salmonella infection, but other systems, including flagella and fimbrial operons, contribute to Salmonella pathogenesis [18,19,20,21,22,23]
Summary
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica is a food and water-borne Gram-negative bacterial pathogen with the ability to infect a wide range of animal species, from reptiles to birds and mammals. Enterica is a food and water-borne Gram-negative bacterial pathogen with the ability to infect a wide range of animal species, from reptiles to birds and mammals. This subspecies can cause a wide range of illnesses, from typhoid fever caused by host-restricted serovars like Salmonella Typhi Choleraesuis) to self-limiting gastroenteritis caused by many Salmonella serovars [1]. Typhimurium), which can infect many different cell types and animals and can act as a model of both gastroenteritis and systemic infection depending on the host species and experimental designs [2]
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