Abstract
As an undesired behavior of the transport system, headway fluctuation or even bus bunching reduce reliability of bus stop service for waiting passengers. This paper proposes a pre-control method to improve the balance of service intervals at downstream stop through an adjustment of green time for bus passing, in which priority and delay of bus passing can be achieved. The proposed pre-control strategies at intersection are triggered based on prediction of service intervals at downstream stop to select priority or delay strategy that includes adjusting starting and ending time of green light. Meanwhile, the influence of adjustment of green time on surrounding traffic delay of vehicle is also considered. The traffic delay is estimated for vehicles arriving during phases within associated two signal cycles induced by the signal adjustment. To derive optimal adjustment of green time, a multi-objective function is established and the objectives include deviation of the bus service intervals and traffic average delay. An exhaustive search algorithm is programmed to solve the objective function. The effects of control strategies are tested by numerical experiments based upon a real bus route in Changchun. Results show that the bus service reliability can be improved through a proper signal pre-control and, compared with the single control strategy with only bus delay, the standard deviations of service intervals with the average running time and the stochastic running time are improved by 8.53% and 7.31%, respectively.
Highlights
In public transit systems, transit operation and management are expected to be efficient and reliable, in which can improve the competitiveness of bus travel and reduce car use [1],[2]
This paper presents multi-objective optimal pre-control strategies for reliability of bus service intervals with traffic signals by adjusting current green time
The objectives of control strategies consider the deviation of the bus service intervals and traffic delay under the adjustment of green time
Summary
Transit operation and management are expected to be efficient and reliable, in which can improve the competitiveness of bus travel and reduce car use [1],[2]. Zhang et al formulates a shortturning service with bus holding which can reduce travel time of passengers and improve transit service reliability[15]. Seman et al focus on the bus service reliability in transit corridors with bidirectional lane segments and propose the bus holding and signal control strategies, which can adjust headway and achieve bus signal priority[27]. Both the stop control and signal control can improve the bus service reliability. The signal control strategies in the literature focus on the “early” bus or “late” bus and these two cases cannot be dealt with at same time
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