PRE-CONDITIONS OF CREATION OF THE STATE ISRAEL IN THE FIRST HALF OF XX CENTURY

Abstract

The article highlights the formation of prerequisites for the creation of a modern state of Israel. The role played by Teodor Herzl in this process, who in 1896 published a brochure «The Jewish State- Experience of the modern solving of the jewish question», and who in 1867 convened the first Zionist Congress in Bazel, was anylazed. His role in the searching territories for the formation of the Israel state is also revealed. The content of the Balfour Declaration and its impact on the formation of British policy on the Palestinian authority is elucidated. The article also examines the forms and methods of jewish settlement of the Palestinian territory, the number of settlers in 20–40 years of the 20th century. The role of the first and second «White Book», which regulated the restriction of the number of immigrants from the number of jews to the territory of Palestine, was investigated. However, in response to restrictions, illegal jewish immigration began primarily from Europe, as well as from Iran, Syria, Egypt and other territories. After the end of the Second World War, the situation in Palestine began to sharpen dramatically. The zionists tried to force the English administration to satisty their demands and went to large-scale terrorist activity. They started to ervange provocations on the railroad, commit attack on police stations and British military bases. The American president George Truman, who in August 1945 demanded the admission of 100,000 jews to Palestine, had a great influence on the formation of a Jewish State Israel. At the same time, several conferences were held with the participation of the United Kindom and the United States to resolve the Palestinian problem. The British government put forward a plan that predicted the division of Palestine into four regions: two under direct British control and two autonomies (Arabic and Jewish). However, this plan was rejected by both the arabs and the zionists. Subsequently, the Palestinian question was proposed to the discussion by the United Nations Organization. As a result, a resolution of the UN General Assembly NO. 181 of November 29, 1947, was adopted, and it became the basis for the proclamation of the state of Israel on May 14, 1948.