Pre- and postnatal determinants of deciduous molar hypomineralisation in 6-year-old children. The generation R study.

Marlies E C Elfrink,Jacob M Ten Cate,Henriette A Moll,Jaap S J Veerkamp,Albert Hofman,Jessica C Kiefte-De Jong,Vincent W V Jaddoe

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091057

Marlies E C Elfrink, Jacob M Ten Cate + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091057

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Abstract

BackgroundDeciduous Molar Hypomineralisation (DMH) and Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) are common developmental disturbances in pediatric dentistry. Their occurrence is related. The same determinants as suggested for MIH are expected for DMH, though somewhat earlier in life. Perinatal medical problems may influence the prevalence of DMH but this has not been studied sufficiently.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify possible determinants of DMH in a prospective cohort study among 6-year-old children.Study DesignThis study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life until young adulthood. The the data were used to identify the determinants of DMH. Clinical photographs of clean, moist teeth were taken with an intra-oral camera in 6690 children (mean age 6.2 years; 49.9% girls). Data on possible determinants that had occurred during pregnancy and/or the child's first year of life were on the basis of manual standardized measurements (like length and weight) and questionnaires. Multivariate analyse with backward and forward selection was performed.ResultsA number of factors in the pre-, peri- and postnatal phase were found to be associated with DMH. After multivariate logistic regression analyses, Dutch ethnic background, low birth weight, maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and fever episodes in the first year of the child's life were found to play a role in the development of DMH in 6-year-old children.ConclusionThis study shows that Dutch ethnicity, low birth weight, alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy and any fever in the first year of the child's life are associated with DMH. Not only childhood factors but also prenatal lifestyle factors need to be taken into account when studying determinants for DMH.

Highlights

Deciduous Molar Hypomineralisation (DMH) is a recently identified hypomineralisation disturbance in the enamel of the deciduous dentition with varying prevalence in 1–4 second primary molars
A number of factors in the pre, peri- and postnatal phase were found to be associated with DMH
This study shows that Dutch ethnicity, low birth weight, alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy and any fever in the first year of the child’s life are associated with DMH

Summary

Introduction

Deciduous Molar Hypomineralisation (DMH) is a recently identified hypomineralisation disturbance in the enamel of the deciduous dentition with varying prevalence in 1–4 second primary molars. The enamel hypomineralisations in DMH are similar to those observed in Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) in the permanent dentition [1]. DMH and MIH are common developmental disturbances of the enamel [3]. Because the second primary molars erupt four years earlier in life than the first permanent molars, DMH is a clinically useful predictor for MIH [4]. Deciduous Molar Hypomineralisation (DMH) and Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) are common developmental disturbances in pediatric dentistry. Perinatal medical problems may influence the prevalence of DMH but this has not been studied sufficiently

Results

Discussion

Conclusion