Pre- and Post-partum Berberine Supplementation in Dairy Goats as a Novel Strategy to Mitigate Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

Navid Ghavipanje,Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez,Mohammad Hasan Fathi Nasri,Seyyed Ehsan Ghiasi,Seyyed Homayoun Farhangfar

doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.743455

Navid Ghavipanje, Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.743455

Copy DOI

Abstract

As in dairy cattle, goats during the transition period face risk factors, in particular negative energy balance (NEB), inflammation, and impairment of the antioxidant response. The current study determined the effects of pre- and post-partum berberine (BBR) supplementation on antioxidant status and inflammation response during the transition period in dairy goats. Twenty-four primiparous Saanen goats were randomly divided into four groups: control (CON, without BBR) and supplemented with 1 g/day BBR (BBR1), 2 g/day BBR (BBR2), or 4 g/day BBR (BBR4). The blood samples were collected weekly from 21 days pre-partum to 21 days post-partum. Compared with CON, supplementation with either BBR2 or BBR4 decreased (P ≤ 0.05) the levels of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) at kidding and thereafter an increased (P ≤ 0.05) the plasma levels of glucose and insulin. Following BBR ingestion, blood antioxidant status elevated throughout the transition period, so that total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activity were increased (P ≤ 0.05) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased (P ≤ 0.05). Likewise, paraoxonase (PON) was reduced (P ≤ 0.05) in goats fed BBR2 and BBR4. The levels of haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and bilirubin were reduced (P ≤ 0.05) by BBR2 and BBR4 immediately before kidding and thereafter. The results demonstrated that supplementation of either 2 or 4 g/day BBR enhanced antioxidant capacity and immune function of transition goats and improved post-partum performance showing its beneficial effect to mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation during the transition period in dairy goats.

Highlights

The periparturient period, known as the transition period, usually comprises 3 weeks pre-partum to 3 weeks post-partum and is accompanied by severe metabolic, hormonal, and immunological changes in preparation for parturition and the production of colostrum and milk [1, 2]
The reduction in plasma levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and BHBA in both BBR2 and BBR4 demonstrates an alleviated negative energy balance (NEB), as it already known that plasma concentrations of BHBA and NEFA have been considered as effective indicators of energy status in transition goats [40] as well as cows [1]
Our results demonstrated that supplementation with BBR mitigated oxidative stress and had positive effects on antioxidant status, as indicated by enhanced total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), GSH-Px, and CAT activity and depressed MDA level in almost all per- and post-partum periods in dairy goats

Summary

Introduction

The periparturient period, known as the transition period, usually comprises 3 weeks pre-partum to 3 weeks post-partum and is accompanied by severe metabolic, hormonal, and immunological changes in preparation for parturition and the production of colostrum and milk [1, 2]. Dysregulated immune responses and oxidant/antioxidant imbalance have been proposed as a consequence of NEB that affects the productive and reproductive performance of dairy goats [5, 6], similar to cows [7]. Recent evidence shows that an over response occurs in both inflammatory [e.g., a decrease of negative acute phase proteins (neg APPs) such as albumin, cholesterol, paraoxonase, retinolbinding protein] and metabolic [e.g., a decrease in plasma glucose and an increase in NEFA, b-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), and reactive oxygen metabolites] indices in transition cows [2, 6, 9]]; limited information is available for dairy goats during the transition period

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion