Pre-Anaesthetic Consultation at the National Hospital of Zinder: Epidemiological Aspect and Fate of those Consulted

Abstract

Introduction: The pre anesthetic consultation is the essential element of the continuity of peri and post interventional care. In fact, it gathers all the information concerning the pre, per operative anesthetic period. For any patient whose condition requires anesthesia, the health structures must provide a preanesthesia consultation. General objective: To highlight the importance of a preanesthetic consultation through the profile and prognosis of the patients as well as the operative indications recorded. Patients and method: This was a prospective and descriptive study conducted over a period of six months from January 1 to June 30, 2021 in the anesthesia and intensive care unit of the national hospital of Zinder. Patients consulted by a surgeon, scheduled for surgery and having a preoperative workup were included. Age, sex, history, ASA class, anesthetic technique, operative indication and outcome of the patent were the variables studied. The data analysis was done by Excel. Results: During the study 401 patients were registered with a sex ratio of 3.6%. The mean age was 42 years with extremes from 02 months to 84 years. Medical history represented 08.72% including hypertension (68.57%) and diabetes (11.42%). ASA II class represented 73.81% (n= 296) and ASA I class 26.18% (n= 105). General anesthesia was the chosen technique in 63.34% (n=254) versus 36.5% (n=147) for spinal anesthesia. Hernia and restoration of digestive continuity were the main surgical indications with respectively 17.45% (n=70) and 10.47% (n=42) followed by benign prostatic hypertrophy for 10.47% (n=42). Visceral surgery occupied the first place with 21.19% (n=85) followed by urology with 15.96% (n= 64). The per and post operative evolution was generally favorable, no case of death was recorded. Conclusion: The pre-anaesthetic consultation remains the essential element of the continuity of pre- and post-anaesthetic care. It should be popularized in health structures with high-risk patients.