Pravična tranzicija energetike Srbije – održivost reformi u uslovima nove globalne krize

Abstract

The accomplished results of the energy transition in Serbia are in big delay, in comparison to the relevant countries in Europe and the world. Energy sector is the biggest anthropogenic factor of air pollution in Serbia, as much as all damaging emissions. Serbian climate action and green agenda have to start from the energetics. The majority of Serbian citizens are aware of that, but there are not enough organised public efforts for the structural changes in the big public companies and institutional system in the energy sector. Regardless how much updated, the environmental standards, programs and the strategies will not be efficient unless we put systematic work of designing one socially acceptable model for structural reform of the energy sector. Energy transition in today’s world is the process that leads to the rapid decarbonisation and “greening” of energy systems, in the way that permanently increases economic performances and energy efficiency, as well as one social sustainable and controlled process of the institutional changes. Serbia belongs to the group of the “leading” countries towards coal participation in electricity power production, as much as in the energy mix. Therefore, transformation and distribution loses, especially those in the electricity sector are unacceptably high. That is why it is necessary to undertake a systematic discussion about basic contents of one just and socially sustainable model of energy transition. Some foreign experiences, especially Czech Hungarian, Polish, Rumanian, Greek and Bulgarian could be useful, but it should not be enough. Large debate needs to be conducted behind the level of political confrontations, including all interested parties. The independent experts, representatives of employed in energy companies, union activists, as much as actual administration and management, citizens depending of energy companies, students and NGOs on the local and national level, all should be included in this dispute. On the level of the national executive authority and legislative power, it should be constituted one advisory body, that could strategically deal with acceptable solutions of just energy transition and its monitoring in Serbia, at list for the next two or three decades.