Abstract

Koko, a lowland gorilla taught a variant of American Sign Language (ASL) in a home-like environment, made use of all pragmatic functions described by Dore (1975) for holophrastic children: labelling, practicing, repeating, requesting action, protesting, answering, requesting an answer, greeting, and calling. This paper documents the infant Koko's holophrastic period from month one (July 1972) to month eleven (June 1973) of a longitudinal project still in progress. During this early period, Koko used sign language primarily for labelling, practicing, repeating, requesting action, and answering. She used vocalizations and some signs for protesting, greeting, and calling. The development of the sign out is detailed in order to demonstrate the infant Koko's use of a variety of different pragmatic functions for one sign.

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