Practices of Exemplary Leaders in Clinical Education: A Qualitative Study of Director and Site Coordinator of Clinical Education Perspectives

Abstract

Introduction. Frequent turnover in director of clinical education (DCE) and site coordinator of clinical education (SCCE) positions may affect excellence in physical therapist (PT) clinical education (CE). Recognized CE leaders have demonstrated longevity and success in these roles. Understanding excellence in CE leadership may enhance delivery of PT CE. The purposes of this qualitative study were to explore characteristics of recognized PT CE leaders and identify the behaviors, thoughts, and actions of successful DCEs and SCCEs with demonstrated longevity. Methods. Purposeful sampling was used to identify PTs who have been either a DCE or a SCCE for at least 10 years and were recognized by their peers as a leader in PT CE. An interpretive phenomenological inquiry was conducted to explore the lived experience of CE leaders. Cognitive mapping and unstructured interviews were used to elicit perspectives on the factors that contributed to longevity and success. Using an inductive approach, DCE and SCCE data were analyzed separately. Due to substantial overlap in themes, the DCE and SCCE data were combined. Member checks and a peer review were conducted. Results. Seven DCEs and 6 SCCEs from the Northeast United States, with 8–26 (average 17) years in their position, completed the study. Five themes identifying their role success were the following: (1) Professional identity as a bridge between academic and clinical practices, (2) strong work ethic for excellence, (3) build meaningful relationships, (4) “bring-it-on” attitude, and (5) influence. Discussion and Conclusion. The participants shared common characteristics as exemplary leaders in CE. The main themes were in remarkable alignment with The 5 Practices of Exemplary Leaders, a well-established leadership model. These findings provide a framework to identify and develop the leadership qualities needed to fulfill these positions. These exemplary practices should be incorporated into leadership training for DCEs and SCCEs.