Abstract
Practices of Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling (PITC) remains suboptimal in Côte d’Ivoire. The aim of this survey was to identify the practices and obstacles to PITC among healthcare professionals in Côte d'Ivoire. A nationally representative cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018 by telephone among three separate samples of midwives, nurses and physicians practicing in Côte d'Ivoire. The number of HIV tests proposed during consultation in the month preceding the survey was collected for each professional. Factors associated with the number of proposed tests were identified through ordinal logistic regression models. A total of 298 midwives, 308 nurses and 289 physicians were interviewed. Midwives proposed the test more frequently, followed by nurses and physicians. Among midwives, a higher number of proposed tests was associated with the perception that HIV testing does not require specific consent compared to other diseases (aOR 4.00 [95% CI 1.37–14.29]). Among nurses, having received HIV training and the presence of community HIV counselors were associated with a higher number of proposed tests (aOR 2.01 [1.31–3.09] and aOR 1.75 [1.14–2.70], respectively). For physicians, the presence of a voluntary testing center was associated with a higher number of proposed tests (aOR 1.69 [1.01–2.86]). PITC practices and barriers differed across professions. Beyond improving environmental opportunities such as dedicated staff or services, strengthening the motivations and capabilities of healthcare professionals to propose testing could improve PITC coverage.
Highlights
Because of the limitations of voluntary HIV testing and the insufficient coverage of HIV testing, the World Health Organization has recommended ProviderInitiated HIV Testing and Counseling (PITC) since 2007 [1]
Only two-thirds mentioned the presence of a Voluntary HIV Testing Center (VTC) (Table 1)
Our results showed different PITC practices depending on the medical profession
Summary
Because of the limitations of voluntary HIV testing (patientinitiated testing) and the insufficient coverage of HIV testing, the World Health Organization has recommended ProviderInitiated HIV Testing and Counseling (PITC) since 2007 [1]. Some studies have highlighted barriers faced by healthcare professionals in their PITC practice. A lack of trained staff [7, 8, 12, 14], shortages of testing kits [10, 11, 13, 16] and inadequate space that does not guarantee confidentiality [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14] are associated with low PITC practice. Some studies have suggested that PITC organization (i.e., professionals performing the different steps of testing, patient referrals or no referrals for testing) can facilitate test proposal [15, 18, 19]
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