Abstract
Biogeochemical reduction processes are active in alluvial aquifers, because organic carbon which is indispensable for bacteria growth is abundant. As a result of reduction process, significant changes of groundwater quality take place; denitrification, reduction of manganese dioxide, iron-hydroxide, sulfate, arsenate, and methane are well known as reduction processes in an anaerobic groundwater condition. Therefore, the prediction of redox environment in an aquifer is a key subject in order to understand how the groundwater quality is affected. If the mechanism of groundwater quality formation in aquifer scale is systematically understood, impacts caused by accidents or illegal dumping can be predicted, and subsequently, an appropriate management of aquifer will be established. In the present paper, quantitative discussions are made by the numerical simulations applied for the one-dimensional column experiment and two-dimensional fresh-salt water mixing zone. Recommendation and the future subject are presented through the results of two numerical simulations.
Highlights
Groundwater quality is strongly affected by aquifer matrix and varies in space and time
The model is able to calculate the relative contribution of the four bacterial groups to the total number of electrons transferred to organic carbon during the time of column experiment
The precipitate rate coefficient for Fe(OH)3 or FeS is assigned by large number, because precipitation takes place quickly compared to reduction processes
Summary
Groundwater quality is strongly affected by aquifer matrix and varies in space and time. The papers by Kinzelbach and Schafer [2], Lensing et al [3], and Hunter et al [4] have contributed to widen the modeling approaches to bacteria mediated processes taking place in aquifers. Their researches based on the hydrogeological coupled with bacteria mediated processes seem to be useful for better understandings of groundwater chemistry. The numerical simulations for the two-dimensional unsaturated-saturated groundwater flow and the sequential reducing processes are presented. The result shows that the modeling approach is useful to understand the mechanism of groundwater quality in fresh and salt water regions [6]
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